Mapping and Visualization/3-D Modeling

Alex Forbes

ENGL 510

Melinda White

October 6th

Mapping and Visualization/3-D Modeling

Mapping and visualization are important techniques in digital humanities as they help us to understand and present intricate information in diverse and new ways. Drucker highlights how visual tools not only support our understanding but they also help to shape how we perceive and process information. By looking at the ways in which different data points relate to each other, mapping can transform complicated data into stories that are easy to understand and navigate. Drucker notes that visualization is subjective, meaning that it reflects the choices made by the people creating it. This is why it is important to be careful when creating these visual tools. For example, when mapping historical events or cultural information, the size, color, and layout that you choose can vastly impact how people see and interpret the information. Drucker explains how, “The virtually rendered world is often created from a single point of view, extending monocular perspective and its way of depicting 3-D space” (Drucker 151). Drucker further explains how this monocular perspective is not our natural visual experience of the world since it doesn’t include our peripheral vision as well as the multiple forms of pathways from our sensorium. Drucker emphasizes that visual representation showcases the biases and intentions of who created it, so it’s important to make thoughtful choices when mapping since it can greatly impact one’s understanding of the data.

Mapping is an important tool because it not only showcases data but it also helps us explore and question historical events and structures. Drucker asks her own question of whether refutability can be built into a map or 3-D model, “Johnson drew on concepts of refutability (could the argument be countered through evidence)... within the virtual environment. This raises the question of whether “refutability” can be built into the visualization or virtual format” (Drucker 154). There is skepticism in the ethics of creating virtual renderings of things that we aren’t fully sure what they originally looked like. Even if a map or visualization is a clear reconstruction of something, it can be interpreted in different ways. Mapping can be helpful for many things such as showing migration patterns and population fluctuations over time. For example, a map that shows demographic changes over time can help us understand how populations have shifted and interacted throughout history.

Drucker also talks about 3-D modeling as an extension of mapping. She denotes, “The concept of a virtual 3-D model suggests immersive 3-D experience, or, at the very least, the possibility of moving through an on-screen display in real time” (Drucker 155). A good example of 3-D modeling and virtual 3-D models are reconstruction sites of ancient cities or monuments. Archaeologists and historians will utilize these 3-D reconstructions of ancient sites to further explore and visualize historical places that they would otherwise not be able to create an accurate image of in their head simply by reading text.

Drucker emphasizes that if done carelessly, mapping can reinforce stereotypes or overlook important voices. Thus, she encourages creators to implement a thoughtful approach to their virtual maps and models that values inclusivity and honesty. It is crucial to include various perspectives in the mapping process to ensure that many stories are represented. Drucker also notes the importance and usefulness of interactive maps since they allow users to explore and manipulate information, making learning more engaging. This interactivity turns passive viewing into more active investigation, better fostering a pathway and an environment for critical thinking.